Skip Ribbon Commands
Skip to main content
Menu

Myasthenia Gravis

Myasthenia Gravis - What it is

What is myasthenia gravis?

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic, autoimmune disorder caused by a breakdown in the communication between nerve endings and muscles in the neuromuscular junction. At the junction, the nerve ending and muscle communicate via a neurotransmitter known as acetylcholine.

In MG, antibodies block or destroy receptors at the junction, affecting signal transmission. This results in muscle fatigue and weakness.

skeletal illustration - myasthenia gravis

What are the types of myasthenia gravis?

  • Ocular MG: Affects only the eye muscles, causing intermittent drooping eyelids and double vision. It may remain localised to the eye muscles, or progress to generalised MG.

  • Generalised MG: Involves muscles beyond the eyes, including those used for breathing, swallowing and limb movement.

    • Early-onset: Before age 50, more common in females, and often linked to an enlarged thymus

    • Late-onset: After age 50, more common in males

    • Thymoma-associated: Linked to thymic tumours (around 10-15% of cases)

  • Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS): Inherited, non-autoimmune form present from birth.

  • Transient neonatal MG: Temporary weakness in newborns of mothers with MG, resolving after birth.

  • Seronegative MG: No detectable antibodies but similar symptoms; diagnosed clinically.


Myasthenia Gravis - Preparing for surgery

Myasthenia Gravis - Post-surgery care

The information provided is not intended as medical advice. Terms of use. Information provided by SingHealth

TOP